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''Star Trek'' is an American science fiction entertainment franchise created by Gene Roddenberry and owned by CBS and Paramount Pictures.〔For a more detailed history of the ownership of the franchise, see the corporate ownership section.〕 ''Star Trek: The Original Series'' and its live-action TV spin-off series, ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'', ''Star Trek: Voyager'', and ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' as well as the ''Star Trek'' film franchise make up the main canon. The canonicity of ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'' is debated,〔See ''The Animated Series'' section for more details.〕 and the expansive library of ''Star Trek'' novels and comics is generally considered non-canon, although still part of the franchise. The first series, now referred to as ''The Original Series'', debuted in 1966 and ran for three seasons on NBC. It followed the interstellar adventures of James T. Kirk and the crew of the starship ''Enterprise'', an exploration vessel of a 23rd-century interstellar "United Federation of Planets". In creating the first ''Star Trek'', Roddenberry was inspired by Westerns such as ''Wagon Train'', the ''Horatio Hornblower'' novels and ''Gulliver's Travels''. In fact, the original series was almost titled ''Wagon Train to the Stars''. These adventures continued in the short-lived ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'' and six feature films. Four spin-off television series were eventually produced: ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' followed the crew of a new starship ''Enterprise'' set a century after the original series; ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' and ''Star Trek: Voyager'', set contemporaneously with ''The Next Generation''; and ''Star Trek: Enterprise'', set before the original series, in the early days of human interstellar travel. Four additional ''The Next Generation'' feature films were produced. In 2009, the film franchise underwent a relaunch with a prequel to the original series set in an alternate timeline titled simply ''Star Trek''. This film featured a new cast portraying younger versions of the crew from the original show.〔 A sequel to this film, ''Star Trek Into Darkness'', premiered on May 16, 2013. A thirteenth theatrical feature, a sequel to ''Into Darkness'', has been confirmed for release in July 2016, to coincide with the franchise's 50th anniversary. In November 2015, CBS announced the development of a new Star Trek TV series to be shown on a digital platform from January 2017. ''Star Trek'' has been a cult phenomenon for decades.〔 In this article, the status of Star Trek as a cult phenomenon is repeatedly taken as read.〕 Fans of the franchise are called Trekkies or Trekkers. The franchise spans a wide range of spin-offs including games, figurines, novels, toys, and comics. ''Star Trek'' had a themed attraction in Las Vegas that opened in 1998 and closed in September 2008. At least two museum exhibits of props travel the world. The series has its own full-fledged constructed language, Klingon. Several parodies have been made of ''Star Trek''. In addition, viewers have produced several fan productions. ''Star Trek'' is noted for its influence on the world outside of science fiction. It has been cited as an inspiration for several technological inventions such as the cell phone. Moreover, the franchise is noted for its progressive era civil rights stances. The original series included one of television's first multiracial casts. ''Star Trek'' references can be found throughout popular culture from movies such as the submarine thriller ''Crimson Tide'' to the animated series ''South Park''. ==Conception and setting== As early as 1964, Gene Roddenberry drafted a proposal for the science-fiction series that would become ''Star Trek''. Although he publicly marketed it as a Western in outer space—a so-called "''Wagon Train'' to the Stars" (like the popular Western TV series)—he privately told friends that he was modeling it on Jonathan Swift's ''Gulliver's Travels'', intending each episode to act on two levels: as a suspenseful adventure story and as a morality tale.〔See David Alexander, "Star Trek Creator. The Authorized Biography of Gene Roddenberry" and interview with Roddenberry in "Something about the Author" by Gale Research Company and chapter 11 of "Trash Culture: Popular Culture and the Great Tradition" by Richard Keller Simon〕 Most ''Star Trek'' stories depict the adventures of humans〔Members of the human species are occasionally called "Terrans" in Star Trek, although usage has been inconsistent.〕 and aliens who serve in Starfleet, the space-borne humanitarian and peacekeeping armada of the United Federation of Planets. The protagonists have altruistic values, and must apply these ideals to difficult dilemmas. Many of the conflicts and political dimensions of ''Star Trek'' represent allegories of contemporary cultural realities. ''Star Trek: The Original Series'' addressed issues of the 1960s, just as later spin-offs have reflected issues of their respective decades. Issues depicted in the various series include war and peace, the value of personal loyalty, authoritarianism, imperialism, class warfare, economics, racism, religion, human rights, sexism, feminism, and the role of technology. Roddenberry stated: "(creating ) a new world with new rules, I could make statements about sex, religion, Vietnam, politics, and intercontinental missiles. Indeed, we did make them on ''Star Trek'': we were sending messages and fortunately they all got by the network." Roddenberry intended the show to have a progressive political agenda reflective of the emerging counter-culture of the youth movement, though he was not fully forthcoming to the networks about this. He wanted ''Star Trek'' to show humanity what it might develop into, if it would learn from the lessons of the past, most specifically by ending violence. An extreme example is the alien species, the Vulcans, who had a violent past but learned to control their emotions. Roddenberry also gave ''Star Trek'' an anti-war message and depicted the United Federation of Planets as an ideal, optimistic version of the United Nations. His efforts were opposed by the network because of concerns over marketability, e.g., they opposed Roddenberry's insistence that the ''Enterprise'' have a racially diverse crew. However, ''Star Trek'' has also been accused of evincing racism and imperialism by frequently depicting Starfleet and the Federation trying to impose their values and customs on other planets.〔("Trek's Manifest Destiny? Imperialism and Star Trek" ), Trekdom fanzine (May 2, 2007)〕〔("Star Trek and the Continuing Mission of American Imperialism" ), Counterpunch Magazine (May 29–31, 2009)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Star Trek」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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